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Fig. 3 | Journal of Nanobiotechnology

Fig. 3

From: Gold nanoparticle delivery to solid tumors: a multiparametric study on particle size and the tumor microenvironment

Fig. 3

The effect of tumor growth on perfusion, vessel maturity and necrosis. a Representative image of a Renca-bearing mouse, showing tissue background signal (red) and Renca cell-specific GFP (green) for selection of the ROI. Upon administration of AF555-BSA, the fluorescent signal of BSA was measured repeatedly over time (right image) and fluorescence intensity could be measured and expressed as function of time. b The relative ratio of AF555-BSA signal of the tumor over the same ROI placed on the skull of the animal. The data show average data pooled from at least 6 animals per group. c Representative H&E-stained tumor sections obtained 1, 2, 3 or 4 weeks after tumor engraftment. d Representative immunohistochemistry images of tumor tissue sections stained with anti-CD31 (endothelial cells), anti-laminin (top image: basal membrane), NG2 (pericyte marker: bottom image), and counterstained with DAPI nuclear stain. The top row shows images of tumor section obtained 2 weeks post engraftment, the bottom row at 4 weeks post engraftment. The scale bar is 50 µm. e–h Violin plots indicating the level of e) necrosis, f) relative endothelial cell area, g) the percentage of laminin-covered vessels, and h) the percentage of NG2-covered vessels as a function of time. Significant differences in necrosis and endothelial cell coverage is indicated where appropriate (n = 15; *: p < 0.05; **: p < 0.01; ***: p < 0.001; ****: p < 0.0001)

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