Table 1 Comparison of current therapeutic strategy for atopic dermatitis
From: Extracellular vesicles from IFN-γ-primed mesenchymal stem cells repress atopic dermatitis in mice
Drug name (Commercial name) | Technology | Mechanism | Administration route | Development status | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Crisaborole (Eucrisa) | Small molecule (Topical) | Phosphodiesterase inhibitor | Topical | Approved (US, 2016) | [81] |
Dermavant (Tapinarof) | Small molecule (Topical) | Targets AhR agonist, thus blocking innate immunity | Topical | Approved (US, 2022) | [82] |
Abrocitini (Cibinqo) | Small molecule | JAK1 inhibitor | Oral | Approved (EU, US, 2021) | [83] |
Upadacitinib (Rinvoq) | Small molecule | JAK1 inhibitor | Oral | Launched (EU/US, 2021) | [84] |
Delgocitinib (Corectim) | Small molecule | Pan-JAK inhibitor | Topical | IIb (EU) Approved (Japan, 2021) | [85] |
Dupilumab (Dupixent) | Monoclonal antibody | Binds to IL-4Rα, thus blocking IL-4 and IL-13 signaling | SC injection | Launched (EU/US, 2017) | [86] |
Tralokinumab Adbry (US) Adtralza (EU/UK) | Monoclonal antibody | Binds to IL-13 | SC injection | Approved (EU/US, 2021) | [87] |
Nemolizumab (Mitchga® Syringe) | Monoclonal antibody | Targets IL-31Rα, thus blocking itching | SC injection | Approved (Japan, 2022) Phase III (EU/US) | [88] |
Ruxolitinib (Opzelura) | Monoclonal antibody | Dual JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor | Topical | Launched (US, 2021) Phase III (EU) | [89] |
BRE-AD01 | EV | Targets IL-4Rα, IL-13Rα1 and IL-31Rα Skin tissue regeneration | SC injection | Phase 1 (US, 2022) | NA |