Scheme 1
From: Splenic-targeting biomimetic nanovaccine for elevating protective immunity against virus infection
Schematic illustration of splenic targeting nanovaccine for combating virus infection. Viral antigen (p54) loaded PLGA nanovaccine were prepared via double-emulsion, which was further coated with CpG and mannose co-modified RBCs membrane to improve the serum stability and splenic targeting. After subcutaneous immunization, nanovaccine effectively delivered antigen to the splenic dendritic cells (DCs), improved the DCs maturation, antigen presentation, cytokines secretion, antibody production, B cells maturation, and T cells activation, thus achieving a robust humoral and cellular immunity