Fig. 2

A Cumulative mRNA release from mRNA@cRGD-CM-CaCO₃ NPs. B The quantification of CO₂ generation from mRNA@cRGD-CM-CaCO₃ NPs. C Homotypic targeting through fluorescence measurement of nanoparticles incubated in different cell lines. D Luminescence intensity of nanoparticles. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 5). **P < 0.01