Fig. 2
From: Roles of extracellular vesicles in periodontal homeostasis and their therapeutic potential
Formation of distinct bacterial membrane vesicles. Three major types of vesicles are generated by bacteria: OMVs, OIMVs, and CMVs. OMVs are produced by the blebbing of the outer membranes by living gram-negative bacteria. They do not access cytoplasmic components. OIMVs are generated by membrane fragments of dying and bursting bacteria and contain cytoplasmic components due to endolysin-induced peptidoglycan degradation. CMVs are generated by gram-positive bacteria, which lack an outer membrane. OMVs outer membrane vesicles, OIMVs outer-inner membrane vesicles, CMVs cytoplasmic membrane vesicles. Created with BioRender.com