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Fig. 5 | Journal of Nanobiotechnology

Fig. 5

From: Roles of extracellular vesicles in periodontal homeostasis and their therapeutic potential

Fig. 5

The roles of cell-derived extracellular vesicles (CEVs) and bacteria-derived extracellular vesicles (BEVs) in periodontal homeostasis. BEVs released from periodontopathogens contain virulence factors resulting in immune evasion, inflammation activation and tissue destruction. BEVs can also be used as biological carrier for vaccines and antibiotic drugs. CEVs released from cells contain bioactive cargos which can exert multiple biological effects, such as anti-inflammation, pro-migration & proliferation, pro-angiogenesis, and pro-osteogenesis. However, CEVs could also exert pathogenic effects under certain conditions. Created with BioRender.com

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