Fig. 5

Lactate consumption and cell viability of CT26 cells under hypoxic conditions after AaLS-ST, AaLS/LOX, or AaLS/LOX/CAT treatments. a Lactate concentrations at various CT26 cell incubation times under various culture conditions. Normorxia-72 h and Hypoxia-72 h: 72 h culture in normoxic and hypoxic conditions, respectively. N-24 h/H-48 h: 24 h initial culture in normoxia and 48 h following culture in hypoxia. N-48 h/H-24 h: 48 h initial culture in normoxia and 24 h following culture in hypoxia. b CT26 cell culture conditions and sample treatment schemes. c Microscopic images showing CT26 cells treated with varying amounts of AaLS-ST, AaLS/LOX, or AaLS/LOX/CAT under hypoxic conditions (scale bar, 100 μm). Enlarged individual cell figures are inserted as insets. Lactate concentration and cell viability profiles of CT26 cells in the media treated with AaLS-ST (d), AaLS/LOX (e), or AaLS/LOX/CAT (f) at various sample concentrations are also shown