Fig. 1

Quantitative analysis of Aβs and toxic Aβ species in mice brains. Quantitative evaluation of tris-buffered saline (TBS)-insoluble amyloid β (Aβ)40 and Aβ42 in brain homogenates of Alzheimer’s disease model mouse brains using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits A, B revealed significant Aβ40 reduction in the 6H4 antibody fragment (Fab) polymeric nanomicelle (PM) group (black bar) compared with that in the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) group (white bar) A and significant Aβ42 reduction in the 6H4 (black bar) and 3D6 Fab PM (horizontal striped bar) groups compared with that in the PBS group (white bar) (B). The quantitative dot-blot of Aβ oligomer (O) in mouse brain homogenates using 6H4 antibody revealed significant 6H4 Fab PM (black bar) reduction, and non-significant reduction in the 3D6 Fab PM (horizontal striped bar) and 6H4 Fab (gray bar) groups compared with the PBS group (white bar) (C). Toxic conformers in the mice brain homogenates measured using ELISA kits revealed significant reductions in the 6H4 (black bar) and 3D6 Fab PM (horizontal striped bar) groups compared with that in the PBS group (white bar) (D). N3pE Aβ species was measured in the brain homogenates of the 6H4 Fab PM group (white bars) using ELISA kits, revealing that the amounts of TBS-insoluble N3pE Aβ40s (E), TBS-insoluble N3pE Aβ42 (F), and TBS-soluble N3pE Aβ42 (G) were 0.06 ± 0.02, 6.4 ± 0.1, and 0.2 ± 0.06 pg/mg proteins, respectively, and were significantly lower than those of the PBS groups (white bars, 0.9 ± 0.3, 10.2 ± 1.0, and 0.6 ± 0.11, respectively). Values are expressed as the mean ± standard error of the mean. The hatched bar on the left indicates the wild-type (WT) group. Statistical evaluations were performed using one-way way analysis of variance with Tukey’s post-hoc test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01