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Fig. 3 | Journal of Nanobiotechnology

Fig. 3

From: Facile synthesis of multi-faceted, biomimetic and cross-protective nanoparticle-based vaccines for drug-resistant Shigella: a flexible platform technology

Fig. 3

Characterization of surface-modified nanovaccine. a Gel electrophoresis of—1% CpG DNA (lane 1), unconjugated CpG DNA in the supernatant (lane 2), washings of consequent steps (lanes 3 and 4). b Quantification of DNA band intensities in a using ImageJ to obtain probable conjugation. c Quantification of probable conjugation using Nanodrop. d–g ATR-FTIR analysis depicting characteristic/sample-specific peaks for—d PLGA NP, e PLGA NP in IpaC solution, f CpG DNA conjugated PLGA NP and g CpG DNA conjugated PLGA NP in IpaC solution. h Scanning electron micrographs (scale bar—500 nm), i average hydrodynamic size, and j average zeta potential of NV1, NV2 and NV3 respectively (n = 6). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ****p < 0.0001, indicate statistically significant difference between the respective groups; ns indicates non-significance

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