Fig. 1

Physicochemical characterization of GO nanosheets (GOs). a TEM images of s-GOs and l-GOs. The insert figures indicate the statistical distribution of lateral size of GOs. b AFM images of s-GOs and l-GOs. The insert figures on the top-right and bottom-right indicate the size and height measurements, respectively. c Hydrodynamic size distributions of s-GOs and l-GOs in deionized water. d Raman spectra of s-GOs and l-GOs. e XPS spectra of s-GOs and l-GOs and quantitative analysis of functional groups of C1s