Fig. 3

A Schematic diagram of genes associated with the absorption and transformation of iron in plant leaves. B–D Iron content of C. maxima including roots and shoots, relative expression of FRO2 and Nramp3 of C. maxima leaves treated with different concentrations of γ-Fe₂O₃ NPs and Fe³⁺, respectively. Data are shown as mean ± SD of three replicates. Values of Fe content and relative expression of each gene labelled by different lowercase and uppercase letters, respectively, are significantly different at p ≤ 0.05