Type of polymer/material | Incorporated/modified agents | Diameter of fibers (nm) | Applied cell type to differentiation | Main achievement/application | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Glucagon-like peptide 1 | –a | 10 | Rat insulinoma cells | A proper cell-encapsulating network for enhanced activity and proliferation of IPCs | [110] |
Heparin mimetic peptide amphiphilic | VEGF and FGF2 | 20–30 | Pancreatic islet | Nanofiber gel platform for islet culture and transplantation | [95] |
PCL | – | 200 | hiPSCs | An ideal scaffold for differentiation of hiPSCs in 3D culture | [70] |
SF and pig pancreatic decellularized ECM | – | 97–707 | Mouse islet | A promising candidate for pancreatic TE | [111] |
CA, PES, and PTFE | – | 365 ± 136 (CA), 224 ± 140 (PES), 261 ± 140 (PTFE) | – | Potential for islet cell encapsulation application | [112] |
PVA /Silicone | VEGF | 4–10 | Mouse islet | The ECM to improve the vitality of subcutaneous islet transplantation | [113] |
SF/PLA | – | – | Conjunctiva MSCs | A potential supportive matrix for islet TE | [102] |
Polyamide | Laminin | – | Pancreatic β cell | Providing an ECM-like system for islet culture | [114] |
PCL/poly-D-lysine | MIN6 cell membrane | 50–280 | Pancreatic β cell | As scaffolds to culture beta cells | [115] |
PES | – | – | hiPSCs | A 3D matrix to enhance pancreatic differentiation of hiPSCs | [116] |
PES | Collagen coating | – | hiPSCs | As a potential scaffold for pancreatic TE and regenerative medicine applications | [117] |
PLLA/PVA | Oxygen modification | – | hiPSCs | As an ideal scaffold to provide a microenvironment for pancreatic differentiation | [118] |
PLLA/PVA | – | – | hADSCs | A suitable option in pancreatic TE | [119] |
PLA/CS | – | 70,000 | Human Wharton’s jelly MSCs | A precursor for cell transplantation for diabetes treatment | [120] |
PLA/CS | – | 70–100 | EnCSs | An ideal scaffold for IPCs development for diabetes mellitus cell therapy | [121] |
Silk | – | – | hiPSCs | A great potential to use in clinical pancreatic TE application | [122] |
Silk/PES | – | – | hADSCs | As a supportive matrix to mimic 3D in vivo microenvironment | [123] |
PHBV | – | 900 ± 600 | hiPSCs | As a promising cell-copolymer construct for pancreatic TE | [124] |
PVA | Oxygen plasma | – | hADSCs | A new approach for pancreatic TE and β cell replacement therapies | [125] |
PCL/PVA | – | – | hiPSCs | A new approach to beta-like cells replacement therapies and pancreatic TE | [126] |
Polyacrylonitrile | – | 250 | Human endometrial cells | Transplantation of pancreatic precursor from endometrium for the treatment of diabetes | [127] |
PCL/gelatin | – | – | Rat CD93+ hematopoietic stem cells | As a more appropriate tissue‐engineered construct in DW repair | [128] |
PCL/pluronic-F-127 | – | – | Bone marrow MSCs | Personalized 3D scaffolds with controlled structure for DW healing | [129] |
Natural and artificial acellular dermal matrix | Graphene oxide- PEG-mediated quercetin | – | MSCs | A suitable architecture and environment for cell attachment and proliferation | [130] |