Fig. 3

Adsorption and penetration abilities of sPDMA@ICG NPs towards Pg. a Zeta potentials of bacteria incubated with free ICG and sPDMA@ICG NPs for 3 h at different ICG concentrations. b Fluorescence emission spectra of NPN in bacteria suspensions processed with PBS, sPDMA, free ICG with and without laser irradiation, and sPDMA@ICG NPs with and without laser irradiation. Here, the laser irradiation (808 nm, 2 W/cm² and 5 min) was carried at 3 h after incubation. c Confocal images of bacteria with incubation of free ICG and sPDMA@ICG NPs for 3 h. Blue and red fluorescence represent DAPI and ICG, respectively