Fig. 5
From: Immune modulating nanoparticles for the treatment of ocular diseases
Model diagram of the inflammatory mechanism of ocular vitreoretinal disease and the anti-inflammatory mechanism of nanoparticles. Therapeutic targets of intravenous dendrimer therapy and the regulation of inflammatory factors in AMD patients. D-TA targets activated microglia, RPE cells and macrophages in the retina. The proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1 and CEGF are downregulated, and the anti-inflammatory factors TGF-β and IL-10 are upregulated. Reproduced with permission [14]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier.