Fig. 6

Colocalization between NP with different fluorophores and lysosomes. A Experimental workflow. Representative images of single cells exposed to two different SiO₂ NP (green), B SiO₂-RhoB NP and C SiO₂-BDP FL NP. Lysosomes were stained with LAMP-2 antibody (shown in red). Scale bar: 10 µm. The corresponding histograms of fluorescence intensities of each channel are shown in Additional file 1: Fig. S5B and the F-actin staining identifying cell morphology in Additional file 1: Fig. S6. The plots represent main parameters (PCC, M1 and M2) to estimate colocalization between different NP and lysosomes. The colocalization between the D 59 nm SiO₂-RhoB NP and E 59 nm SiO₂-BDP FL NP with lysosomes, labelled with LAMP-2 antibody. PCC: Pearson correlation coefficient, M1 and M2: Manders’ correlation coefficients. The whiskers represent the standard deviations. Analysis was performed in individual cells for each experiment (n = 10–13 cells). All the images were analysed using ImageJ, with the JACoP plugin comparing the correlation coefficients. Statistical analysis was performed using unpaired t-test in GraphPad Prism software. * p < 0.05, ns: not significant