Fig. 5

PDA NPs reversed the increased microglial numbers induced by LPS in the hippocampus and mPFC. a Schematic diagram showing hippocampal and mPFC tissue analysis by using immunohistochemistry or western blot after behavior test. b Representative immunofluorescence images and the corresponding bar graphs with dots showing Iba1⁺ microglia (red) in the c DG of hippocampus [F (3, 44) = 66.79, P < 0.0001] as well as d mPFC [F (3, 44) = 70.28, P < 0.0001] (12 images from 3 mice in each group). Scale bar = 100 μm. Data are presented as the means ± SEM. Results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test for post hoc comparisons. (*): P < 0.05, (**): P < 0.01 versus indicated groups. LPS lipopolysaccharide, PBS phosphate-buffered saline, PDA NPs polydopamine nanoparticles, mPFC medial prefrontal cortex, DG dentate gyrus of hippocampus, IBA1 ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1