Table 3 Recently developed exosome-liposome hybrid vesicle-vector system
From: Synergistic vesicle-vector systems for targeted delivery
Exosome Source/s | Liposome Preparation | Conjugation Method | Properties | Cargo | Target | Application/s | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mouse fibroblast sarcoma-derived CMS7-wt, CMS7-HE, and Raw 264.7 macrophages | Extrusion Procedure | Freeze–thaw method | Enhanced cellular uptake | – | – | Drug Delivery | [87] |
HUVEC, MSC, MDCK | Extrusion Method | PEG-induced membrane fusion | Enhanced cellular uptake; 30% more fusion efficiency than previous ref [87] | – | – | Drug Delivery | [89] |
HEK293FT cells | – | Incubation | Delivery of CRISPRCas9 system in the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) | Large nucleic acids and CRISPR/Cas9 expression system | mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) | Gene manipulation | [90] |
SKOV3-CDDP cells | Thin Film Hydration and Extrusion Technique | Sonication (ultrasound), membrane fusion and extrusion | multitargeting capability, high drug encapsulation rate, valid drug protection and low clearance by MPS | Chemotherapy agents TP and miR497 | Tumor cells | Ovarian Cancer Therapy | [91] |
Fibroblast-derived (L-929 cells) via ultracentrifugation | Reverse-Phase Evaporation Method | Membrane Fusion | High affinity towards target cells → effective at depletion of macrophages | Clodronate (CLD) | Kupffer cells | Pulmonary Fibrosis | [92] |