Fig. 4

The detection of purified cancerous exosomes with Apt-TDNA microelectrode sensor. a The typical impedance intensity curves in the presence of varying exosome levels. b Calibration curve of exosome concentration gradient versus Z. c Detection by DPV. d Calibration curve between peak current and exosome concentration. Data represent mean ± SD, n = 3, three technical replicates. Two-tailed Student’s t tests were used for comparisons, *P < 0.05