Table 1 Comparison of different exosome detection methods
Method | Strategy | Dynamic range (particles mL−1) | LOD (particles mL−1) | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
SPR | Dual gold nanoparticle-assisted signal amplification | – | 5.0 × 103 | [11] |
FCM | Rolling circle amplification-assisted flow cytometry | 1.0 × 105–1.0 × 1010 | 1.32 × 105 | [53] |
SERS | Colocalization-dependent system and ratiometric SERS sensing based on gold nanorod arrays | 1.0 × 104–5.0 × 106 | 5.3 × 103 | [54] |
Fluorescence | Aptamer-initiated catalytic hairpin assembly fluorescence assay | 8.4 × 103–8.4 × 108 | 5.0 × 102 | [55] |
Colorimetry | Aptamer-conjugated horseradish peroxidase catalyzed polydopamine coloration | 1.0 × 103–1.0 × 1011 | 7.77 × 103 | [29] |
ECL | Ti3C2Tx − Bi2S3 − x eterostructure/engineered lipid layer based nanoarchitecture | 6.0 × 104–1.0 × 108 | 3.6 × 104 | [56] |
Electrochemistry | Ratiometric biosensor based on MB/Fc | 1.0 × 105–1.0 × 1011 | 1.51 × 104 | [57] |
Electrochemistry | Hierarchical nanostructuring array and primer exchange reaction | 1.4 × 102–1.4 × 107 | 7.5 × 101 | [58] |
Electrochemistry | Ultra-thin covalent organic framework nanosheets coupled with CRISPR-Cas12a mediated signal amplification | 1.2 × 105–1.2 × 1010 | 3.8 × 104 | [59] |
Electrochemistry | Peptide-templated AgNPs nanoprobe | 1.0 × 105–1.0 × 1011 | 3.7 × 104 | [60] |
Electrochemistry | PDA-assisted Apt-TDNA microelectrode sensor | 1.39 × 102–5.05 × 107 | 6.27 × 101 | This work |