Fig. 6

2D NMs as PTT agents. A Photothermal conversion efficiency of MXene (η = 42.71%) and porous MXene (η = 59.16%). B AM/PI staining of live, dead cells and apoptotic cells ratio after NIR irradiation. C Time-dependent tumor growth curves after different treatments. D Tumor weights of different groups after the treatments. (Reproduced with permission from Ref. [¹⁶⁹], Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society) E Photothermal heating curves of PBS and GOD/CuFe-LDHs at pH 7.4, 6.5 and 5.4. F Hela tumor growth curves with various drug treatments. G H&E and TUNEL stained tumor tissue slices from different groups of mice after 16 d post-treatment. Scale bar: 100 μm. (Reproduced with permission from Ref. [¹⁷⁰], Copyright 2021, The Royal Society of Chemistry) H Schematic illustration of reversing the epithelial − mesenchymal transition (EMT) in metastatic, mesenchymal-type cancer cells via targeting a transmembrane EMT inducer, CD146, using engineered black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) and a mild photothermal treatment. I Wide-field and dSTORM images of ventral actin organization in untreated and treated cells. Scale bars: 5 μm. J Western blot analyses of EMT-related molecular markers. GAPDH was used as the housekeeping protein. (Reproduced with permission from Ref. [¹⁷¹], Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society)