Fig. 5

In vitro anticancer efficacy of arginine deprivation-photothermal-therapeutic performance of GHE-Tli08105. MTT assays of Tli08105, GNR + laser, GH + laser, GE-Tli08105 + laser and GHE-Tli08105 + laser groups in A MDA-MB-231 and B MCF7 cells. Tli08105 content was fixed at 25 μg/mL, and equal amounts of GNR/GH contain the same photothermal conversion efficiency compared with GE/GHE. Data are shown as the mean ± SD (n = 3). C Fluorescence images of viable (green) and dead (red) MCF7 cells staining with Calcein-AM/PI after treatment with different samples (scale bar: 200 μm). D Mitochondrial membrane potential of MCF7 cells analysis using JC-1mitochondrial membrane dye (scale bar: 200 μm). The colony formation of MCF7 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells was E captured and F, G quantified after photothermal activation of thermophilic arginase Tli08105 (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001). Data are shown as the mean ± SD (n = 3). Flow cytometric quantitative analyses of the endocytosis amounts of the nanocatalysts with different architectures in H MDA-MB-231 and I MCF7 cells for different incubation periods (the nanocatalysts were labeled with FITC). Flow cytometric quantitative analyses for the apoptosis of Annexin V-FITC/PI co-stained J MDA-MB-231 and K MCF7 cells after co-incubation with different samples. Quantitative flow cytometry analysis of the L MDA-MB-231 and M MCF7 cells stained with PI. Data are shown as the mean ± SD (n = 3)