Fig. 2

Preparation and characterization of apoptotic vesicles under hypoxic and normoxic conditions. A Morphological changes and TUNEL staining results of cells that were treated with STS. Cells that were cultured under normal conditions served as a control. B Schematic diagram of the process of preparing apoptotic vesicles via gradient centrifugation. C NTA of H-ApoEVs and ApoEVs. D Images of Annexin V staining of ApoEVs. E The protein concentrations of the two groups of ApoEVs were measured by the BCA method. F TEM observation of the structure of the two kinds of ApoEVs. G Western blotting analysis of CD63, TSG101, Caspase-3, and Cleaved Caspase-3 expression. H Uptake of DiO-labelled ApoEVs and H-ApoEVs by bone marrow MSCs, bone marrow-derived macrophages, and chondrocytes