Fig. 9

Preparation and characterization of Gel/ECM composite scaffolds loaded with ApoEVs or H-ApoEVs and ApoEVs release. A Schematic illustration of the preparation of a Gel/ECM composite scaffold loaded with ApoEVs or H-ApoEVs. B Macroscopic and SEM images of GelNb-TR, ECM, Gel/ECM, and Gel/ECM composite scaffolds loaded with ApoEVs. (D) The macroscopic images of GelNb (Synthesis of Norbornene-modified gelatin), GelTR (Synthesis of Tetrazine-modified gelatin) and the modified gelatine (GelNb-TR). C Fluorescence staining to analyse BMSC viability after 7 days of culture on ECM, Gel/ECM, Gel/ECM composite scaffolds loaded with ApoEVs or Gel/ECM composite scaffolds loaded with H-ApoEVs; cell viability (E) and CCK-8 results (F). G The results of the BCA assay to measure the release of ApoEVs from Gel/ECM composite scaffolds loaded with ApoEVs