Fig. 3

hADSC-Exo treatment inhibits the proliferation of NPC while showing beneficial effects of neurogenesis within brain organoids. a PKH26-labeled hADSCs-Exo (red) retention in the site of brain organoids. Scale bar = 50 μm. Nuclei (DAPI; blue). b, c Immunofluorescence double-staining of formalin-fixed brain organoids sections. b Immunofluorescence staining for Pax6 (red), Map2 (green), and DAPI staining (blue fluorescence). c Double immunofluorescence for Sox2 (green) and Tuj1 (red). A two-way ANOVA followed by Tukeys multiple comparison test was applied to all data. Error bars represent S.E.M. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001