Fig. 5

Measurement of E. coli O157:H7 in real samples. a Raman intensity of pasteurized milk versus contaminated milk; b Raman signal recovery of E. coli O157:H7 spiked in water, milk and human serum; c Ct value for genomic DNA of E. coli O157:H7 in pasteurized milk versus contaminated milk. (paired two-tailed Student’s t test, ****P < 0.0001); d ROC curve analysis of the CDNA-based SERS platform and qPCR.