Table 4 Delivery gene, hydrogels, and their therapeutic effects for tissue engineering applications
From: Developing hydrogels for gene therapy and tissue engineering
Application | Delivery gene | Hydrogel | Effect | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Bone regeneration | miRNA | MAHSs | Accelerates osteogenic differentiation | [52] |
miR-29b/GO-PEG-PEI@Chitosan | Promotes osteogenic differentiation | [174] | ||
Exos-HA | Achieves sustained release of miRNA antagonists to accelerate osteogenesis | [117] | ||
uMSCEXOs/Gel/nHP | Accelerates the repair of cranial bone defects | [183] | ||
Heart repair | Exos | MA-HA | Induces the proliferation and differentiation of epicardial-derived cells | [95] |
Gel@Exo | Reduces the fibrotic area | [184] | ||
miRNA | HA | Inhibition of Hippo signaling | [185] | |
Cartilage repair | miRNA | MS@G5-AHP/miR-140 | Prevents degeneration of articular cartilage and relieves symptoms of OA | [161] |
Nanofiber | Slows down the aging of chondrocytes | [186] | ||
Exos | H-Exos | Repairs injured cartilage | [187] | |
Spinal cord repair | miRNA | H-Exos | Activates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway | [188] |
Exos | USC-Exo | Repairs spinal cord injury | [189] | |
Skin trauma | Exos | SS-SF | Accelerates blood vessel regeneration | [56] |
PEG | Induces reprogramming of M1-Mφs to M2-Mφs | [64] | ||
siRNA | siRNA-TGFβ1-337 | Promotes apoptosis of scar fibroblasts | [170] | |
Functional peptide hydrogels | Anti-ad effect and intradermal penetration | [190] | ||
Eye disease | siRNA | siVEGF NB | Bypasses the TLR3-induced siRNA-like effector pathway to treat AMD | [177] |
Tumor treatment | siRNA | Polyethylenimine | Controlled slow release of polyplex | [152] |
Osteoarthritis | Exos | CS | Accelerates ECM remodeling and defective regeneration of cartilage | [47] |
miRNA | MS@G5-AHP/miR-140 | Alleviates degradation of the cartilage matrix, inhibits expression of MMP5 and MMP13 | [161] | |
Brain disease | Exos | FPGEGa | Promotes nerve regeneration in TBI rats | [191] |
Enteric diseases | siRNA | SA@MOF-siRNATNFα | Reduces the condition of enteritis | [192] |
Rheumatoid arthritis | siRNA | Anti-RelA siRNA | Reduces the incidence and symptoms of RA | [29] |
Exos | Exos@SFMA | Prevents joint damage and relieves synovial inflammation | [193] | |
Hair regeneration | miRNA | SMSC-126-Exos | Activates Wnt/β-catenin channels to promote hair regeneration | [194] |
HA | Promotes hair regrowth | [156] |