Fig. 2

Effects of PLA-NP on cell viability, cytotoxicity and proliferation. Graphs showing the effects of PLA-NP at different concentrations (2, 20, 100 and 200 µg/mL) in A549 cells after 6, 24, 48 and 72 h upon a MTT conversion into formazan, b intracellular ATP levels, and c LDH release compared to ‘+ Control’. d Real-time electrical impedance cell monitoring of A549 cells treated with PLA-NP at different concentrations after 24 h of cell seeding and maintained to 96 h. ‘Control’ corresponds to A549 cells without treatment, and ‘+ Control’ means ‘positive control of total LDH release’ treated with 1% TX100 for 20 min. Results are expressed as mean (±SD). Each experimental group corresponds to three independent experiments performed in four replicates. One-way ANOVA test with Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test compared to Control group (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01)