Table 2 Waterborne pathogens and their significance in water supplies
From: Nanomaterial enabled sensors for environmental contaminants
Pathogen | Health significance | Persistence in water supplies |
|---|---|---|
Bacteria | ||
 Burkholderia pseudomallei | High | May multiply |
 Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli | High | Moderate |
 Escherichia coli—pathogenic | High | Moderate |
 E. coli—enterohaemorrhagic | High | Moderate |
 Legionella spp. | High | May multiply |
 Non-tuberculous mycobacteria | Low | May multiply |
 Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Moderate | May multiply |
 Salmonella typhi | High | Moderate |
 Other salmonellae | High | May multiply |
 Shigella spp. | High | Short |
 Vibrio cholerae | High | Short to long |
 Yersinia enterocolitica | Moderate | Long |
Viruses | ||
 Adenoviruses | Moderate | Long |
 Enteroviruses | High | Long |
 Astroviruses | Moderate | Long |
 Hepatitis A virus | High | Long |
 Hepatitis E virus | High | Long |
 Noroviruses | High | Long |
 Sapoviruses | High | Long |
 Rotavirus | High | Long |
Protozoa | ||
 Acanthamoeba spp. | High | May multiply |
 Cryptosporidium parvum | High | Long |
 Cyclospora cayetanensis | High | Long |
 Entamoeba histolytica | High | Moderate |
 Giardia intestinalis | High | Moderate |
 Naegleria fowleri | High | May multiply |
 Toxoplasma gondii | High | Long |
Helminths | ||
 Dracunculus medinensis | High | Moderate |
 Schistosoma spp. | High | Short |