Fig. 4

AgNPs induce oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in MCF-7/KCR cells. a Representative images of 5 nm AgNP-, 75 nm AgNP-, or the apoptosis inducer M627-treated MCF-7/KCR cells after JC-1 staining. JC-1 aggregates show red and JC-1 monomers green fluorescence. b Aggregated-to-monomeric JC-1 ratio (red-to-green fluorescence ratio) was determined by image analysis. c Western blot of cytoplasmic cytochrome c in MCF-7/KCR cells after 5 nm, 75 nm AgNP or M627 treatments. d Fluorescence microscopic images of DCFDA-stained, AgNP-treated MCF-7/KCR cells. e Mean DCF fluorescence intensity determined by image analysis. Values represent the mean ± standard deviation calculated from 25 cells from two independent experiments (*P < 0.03 **P < 0.002 ***P < 0.0002 ****P < 0.0001, Fisher’s LSD test)