Fig. 1
Characterization of Dox and Cho-miR159 loaded A15-Exo. A Representative TEM images of Exo (a), A15-Exo (b), A15-Exo/Dox (c), and Co-A15-Exo (d). B Western blot analysis of Exo- and A15-Exo-marker proteins CD81, CD63, and A15. C Size distributions of Exo (a) and A15-Exo (b) measured by NTA. D The numbers of Exo and A15-Exo produced from the same number (1 × 107) of THP-1 monocytes or differentiated macrophages (treated with 50 ng/mL PMA). E Zeta potentials of A15-Exo and A15-Exo/Cho-miR159. F Quantification of Dox packaged into A15-Exo when incubated with 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, or 1000 μg/mL of Dox. G Dox-release profiles of A15-Exo after incubation for up to 48 h in PBS at pH 5.0 or pH 7.4 at 37 °C (n = 3). Data are presented as the mean ± SD. H Optimized parameters for introducing miRNA or Cho-miRNA into A15-Exo by co-incubation. I Representative fluorescence microscopy images of Exo/Cy5-Cho-miRNA, A15-Exo/Cy5-Cho-miRNA, Co-Exo, and Co-A15-Exo. PKH67, Cy5, and Dox are shown as green, blue, and red fluorescent signals, respectively. The merged signals for PKH67 and Dox are indicated by yellow fluorescence. White fluorescence resulted from the overlay of red, green, and blue fluorescence in the merged image. Scale bars: 5 μm. Exo exosomes, A15 A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 15, Dox doxorubicin