Fig. 4

a The images of cells captured 48 h after scratching. Microscopy images of (b) the migration and (c) invasion of 4T1 cells that passed through the membrane after an incubation with RHE, DOX, RHE/DOX and RD NPs compared with the control group (untreated cells). d Schematic of 4T1 cell migration and invasion in the Transwell insert. e Western blots showing the levels of the NF-κB P65, MMP-9, Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in 4T1 cells. Lane 1: blank; Lane 2: RHE; Lane 3: DOX; Lane 4: RHE/DOX; and Lane 5: RD NPs