Fig. 3

Hemolytic activity of nanoparticles. a Red blood cells from healthy SD rats were incubated with 500 µg/mL of concentration of TMP.HCl, TMP-NPs, TAT-TMP-NPs, and Blank-NPs with saline as negative and RIPA as positive controls. b Hemolytic activity of different concentrations of various nanoparticle formulations. Values were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 5). ANOVA was used to assess the statistical differences between groups. Symbols represented statistical significance of the labeled groups with group of TMP.HCl (^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01, ^###P < 0.001, ^####P < 0.0001)