Fig. 1
Physicochemical characterization of 2b. a Structure of 2 and 2b and mesoscale simulation of 2b. b TEM image of the Ru ligand 2 (up) and complex 2b (down). c SEM image of the Ru ligand 2 (up) and complex 2b (down). d Size of 2 (up) and 2b (down) at different pH values. e Zeta potentials of 2 (up) and 2b (down) at different pH values within 96 h (detected at 0.5 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h). f UV spectra of 2b with different concentrations of ctDNA. g Fluorescence emission spectra of hTF (0.4 μM, λex = 280 nm) with different concentrations of 2b. Classical Stern–Volmer equation and modified Stern–Volmer equation plots showing tryptophan quenching in hTF