Scheme 1.

Illustration of the biomimetic oxygen-delivery nanoprobe. It was cancer cell membrane-coated indocyanine green-doped perfluorocarbon (CCm–HSA–ICG–PFTBA) for homologous targeting and improving oxygen concentration at tumor sites. ¹⁸F-FMISO PET/CT imaging was performed to measure the hypoxia in vivo. CCm–HSA–ICG–PFTBA was injected into 4T1 xenografts and then photodynamic therapy was performed. Tumor volume was measured to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy enhancement