Fig. 9

a Microphotographs of pre-treatment infected macrophage (left) and reduce intra-macrophagial parasitic burden post treatment with the surface modified drug loaded SLNs (m-DDSLNs) [154]. b Comparative liver parasite percent inhibition with m-DDSLNs in various doses and MFS (3 mg/kg) observed in L. donovani infected BALB/c mice model [154]. c Comparative in vitro percent inhibition of L. donovani amastigotes with paromomycin (PM), Amphotericin B (AmB), AmBisome®, AmB-SLNs and the surface modified drug loaded SLNs (m-DDSLNs) [154]. d Level of biochemical markers for renal toxicity (Urea & Creatinine) and for hepatotoxicity (ALAT & ASAT) followed by 14 days treatment with different modalities i.e., paromomycin (PM), Amphotericin B (AmB), AmB-SLNs and the surface modified drug loaded SLNs (m-DDSLNs) [154]