Fig. 5

MTT assays of DOX·HCl, Lipo/pB-DOX, Lipo/ICG, and Lipo/pB-DOX/ICG over 24 h in breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 a and normal cells HEK293 b. c FL images of PI and AM costained MDA-MB-231 cells treated with PBS and different formulations for different incubation periods after irradiation. d Cell viabilities of MDA-MB-231 cells treated with PBS and different formulations calculated using “Image J” software. e FL images of PI and AM costained MDA-MB-231 cells treated with Lipo/pB-DOX/ICG at different concentrations of pB-DOX (1.0, 5.0, and 15.0 µg/mL). f Cell viabilities of MDA-MB-231 cells treated with different drug concentrations of Lipo/pB-DOX/ICG calculated using “Image J” software. (The live cells are stained green, and the dead cells are stained red. The scale bar is 100 μm. NS, no significance, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001)