Fig. 3
ICG/PTX@RGE-EV featured with photothermal properties contributes to PTX release. A Temperature of ICG at different concentrations under exposure to 1.25 W/cm2 laser. B Temperature of ICG/PTX@EV at different concentrations under exposure to 1.25 W/cm2 laser light. C Temperature of ICG/PTX@RGE-EV at different concentrations under exposure to 1.25 W/cm2 laser light. D Cumulative release curve of PTX after ICG/PTX@RGE-EV and PTX@RGE-EV were stirred at an initial temperature of 37 °C at 100 rpm. The ICG/PTX@RGE-EV + NIR and PTX@RGE-EV + NIR groups were irradiated with NIR light (808 nm, 1.0 W/cm2) for 5 min at predetermined time points (10, 15, 20, and 24 h). PTX concentration was determined by HPLC. Measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Data comparison was analyzed by one-way ANOVA among multiple groups, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. *p < 0.05 vs. the ICG/PTX@RGE-EV + NIR group. The experiment was repeated three times independently