Table 2 Comparison of the motor function recovery after SCI by using different medicines

Glutathione

Improve significantly

Antioxidant

Reduces inflammation; very low bioavailability

[29]

Methylprednisolone

Improve significantly

Immunosuppressant

Reduces inflammation; water-sodium retention, susceptible to infection

[6, 30]

Hydralazine

Improve significantly

Antioxidant

Reduces inflammation; short half-life and long-term toxicity

[31]

NT3-Chitosan

Improve significantly

Anti-infection, neuroprotection

Regeneration; difficult to be dissolved in human fluid

[32]

CeO₂-PCL

Improve in vitro biocompatibility and auto-recovery abilities

Delivered a bone regeneration drug

Increases biocompatibility of the drug; not available for injection and the in vivo effects are unknown

[33]

Se-CQDs

Improve significantly after 8 weeks

Reduced the inflammation, astrogliosis, and apoptosis induced by secondary injury

Remarkable protective effect for nerves; not cost-effective, toxic concern

[34]

R-DHLA-AuNCs-Zn

Improve significantly after 7 days

Immunosuppressant

Reduces inflammation, anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidant, injectable, low toxicity, cost-effective, simple preparation

Current work