Fig. 4

Optimization of experimental parameters of the LFA process. A The principle of signal enhanced LFAs. B Different washing buffers of strips for cleaning unconjugated signal probe: PBST, SSC (1×) + PBST, SSC (1×) + PBST + 1 %BSA, SSC (1/4×) + 4% BSA. C Varying volume ratios between 1% HAuCl₄ and 10 mM NH₂OH·HCl: 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20. All error bars represent mean ± s.d., n = 3