Fig. 3

Effects of the different ratios of nano-Se (0, 0.2, and 1 mg/L) and Cd (0 and 1 mg/L) on the Cd (A–C), Se (D–F), Se speciation (G–I) in the leaves and roots of pepper plants. Different letters across treatments indicate significant differences at P < 0.05. Nano-Se: nanoselenium