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Table 1 Performance appraisals among Aβ analytical techniques

From: Quantitative assessment of AD markers using naked eyes: point-of-care testing with paper-based lateral flow immunoassay

Method

LOD

Multi-detection

Time

Expertise or devices required

Refs.

ELISA for Aβ42

192 pg/mL

No

3.5 h

Yes

[70]

ELISA for Aβ42Os

197 pg/mL

No

3.5 h

Yes

[36]

Nanoparticles-based immunoassays

163 pg/mL

No

2 h

Yes

[71]

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

181 ng/mL

No

NA

Yes

[39]

Fluorescence

23 ng/mL

No

4 h

Yes

[41]

Electrochemical biosensors

2.26 ng/mL

No

22 h

Yes

[37]

dLFI

Aβ42Ms: 154 pg/mL Aβ42Os: 154 pg/mL

Yes

0.5 h

No

This work

  1. LOD, limit of detection; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; dLFI, dual-target lateral flow immunoassay