Fig. 3

CeNP-PEG protected HK-2 cell from TGF-β1 induced EMT process. A The expression of α-SMA, Vimentin, FN and E-cadherin was evaluated by western blot analysis. β-actin was used as the loading control. B The expression of phosphorylated and total Smad2 and Smad3 was evaluated by western blot analysis. β-actin was used as the loading control (^#P < 0.05 and ^##P < 0.01 for TGF-β1 vs. control, and *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 for TGF-β1 vs. TGF-β1 + CeNP-PEG; n = 3 for each group). C The immunofluorescence analysis was performed on α-SMA, Vimentin and FN in HK-2 cells. Original magnification: × 200. All data were presented as mean ± SD. D The scratch assays were performed on HK-2 cells treated with TGF-β1 and/or CeNP-PEG, and the wound closure was quantified. The red lines indicate the leading edge after 12 h (n = 3 for each group)