Fig. 5

The “tumor vaccine” effect induced by the treatment of siRNA@PLOV-based PTT plus PD1 antibody. a The mice with the subcutaneous inoculation of the secondary H22 tumors after eliminating primary tumors by PTT plus anti-PD-1. b The tumor volume of mice (N = 7) with subcutaneous inoculation of the secondary H22 tumors after eliminating primary tumors with different approaches. c The survival curve of mice with the subcutaneous inoculation of the secondary H22 tumors after eliminating primary tumors with five treatment regimens as described. d–g The cytokine levels, including TNF-α (d), IFN-γ (e), IL-2 (f) and TGF-β (g) in the peripheral blood of mice under different treatments measured by ELISA. Data are given as mean ± SD (n = 7). h Immunohistochemical analysis of lymphocyte infiltration in tumor tissue. Green for FITC-CD8, and blue for nucleus. The scale bar is 50 μm. i Flow cytometry of memory CD8+ T cells in tumor tissue. Statistical analysis was conducted by the one-way ANOVA for multiple groups, and the statistical significance was set as **P < 0.01; ****P < 0.001