Table 2 Modifications of extracellular vesicles and its role in nano-biotechnology
EVs Type | Nanotechnological Modification | Application | Loading Method |
|---|---|---|---|
Exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells | Glucose-coated gold nanoparticles (NPs) | In vivo neuroimaging | Co-incubation |
Exosome from lung cancer or fibroblasts | Gold NPs and doxorubicin | Lung cancer treatment | Co-incubation |
EVs from breast adenocarcinoma | MOF NPs. NPs matrix contained gelonin | Inhibit adenocarcinoma growth | Sonication and extrusion |
Exosomes from Hela cells | MOF NPs | Hela cells | Co-incubation |
EVs from KB cells | ZnO NPs | Cytotoxic effect against KB cells | Co-incubation |
EVs from endothelial, cancer and stem cell lines | Porphyrins | To improve photodynamic therapy | Electroporation, extrusion, saponin-assisted and dialysis |
Exosomes from embryonic stem cells | Paclitaxel | Glioma therapy | Co-incubation |
Milk-derived exosomes | To reduce paclitaxel’s side effects | Co-incubation | |
Exosomes from macrophages | To overcome MDR in cancer cells | Co-incubation, electroporation and sonication | |
Exosomes from brain cell lines | To treat brain tumor | Co-incubation | |
EVs from prostatic cancer | Cytotoxic effect against prostate cancer | Co-incubation | |
Exosomes from human colorectal carcinoma | Doxorubicin | Antiproliferative effect in colorectal cancer | Dialysis |
Exosomes from breast cancer | To treat breast and ovarian cancer | Electroporation | |
Exosomes from breast cancer | To reduce cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin | Electroporation | |
Exosomes from 4T1, MCF-7, and PC3 cell line | Breast cancer | Co-incubation | |
Exosomes from mouse immature dendritic cells | For targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic | Electroporation | |
Milk-derived exosomes | Curcumin | Cervical cancer | Co-incubation |
Exosomes from lymphoma cells | Activate myeloid cells in vivo | Co-incubation | |
Plant exosomes | Colon cancer | Â | |
Milk-derived exosomes | Paclitaxel, Docetaxel, Withaferin A and curcumin | Targeting and therapy of lung cancer cells | Co-incubation |
Milk-derived exosomes | Celastrol | Inhibition of Hsp90 and NF- κB activation pathways in lung cancer | Co-incubation |
EVs from lung cancer | Oncolytic adenovirus and paclitaxel | Enhance immunogenicity in lung cancer | Co-incubation |
Exosomes from HEK 293 cells | siRNA | Efficient delivery of siRNA in cancer cells | Electroporation |
Exosomes from HEK 293 cells | Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK-1) siRNA | Silencing PLK-1 gene in bladder cancer cells | Electroporation |
Exosomes from HEK 293 and MCF-7 cells | siRNA, miRNA and ssDNAÂ b | Oncogene knockdown | Sonication |
Plasma-derived EVs | miRNA cel-39 | Promote apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma | Electroporation |