Table 3 NPs targeting lipid metabolism

Lipid NPs

PCSK9 siRNA

Phase 1 trial (humans)

Triggered a mean 70% reduction in circulating PCSK9 and 40% reduction in LDLC in patients compared with placebo group

[129]

Lipid NPs

SCAP siRNA

Dysmetabolic model (Rhesus monkey)

Reduced circulating LDLC, PCSK9, and TG

[131, 132]

Anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibody (1B20)

1B20/simvastatin

LDLR^± mice and Rhesus monkeys

Significant reduced plasma LDLC

[10]

Lipid NPs

ApoB siRNA

LDLR^+/– CETP^+/– mice model on HFD

Downregulated expression of ApoB and thus reduced serum lipid levels

[133]

SeNPs

Selenium

ApoE^−/− mice on HFD

Decreased serum TC and TG levels

[135, 137]