Fig. 4

Serum biochemical parameters of the rats treated with LNPs and SNPs at the end of the dosing period and recovery period. Rats were dosed with LNPs and SNPs daily for 14 consecutive days followed by a 28-day recovery period, and blood was collected for serum biochemistry analysis, including ALT, AST, TBA, ALB and LDH, which are related to hepatotoxicity. A The serum levels of indicators for liver injury at Day 1 and Day 14 (the last day of the dosing period). B The serum levels of the 8 mg/kg dosing groups at day 14 (L8 and S8) and recovery groups at the end of the recovery period (L8-R and S8-R, “R” indicates the recovery group 28 days after the discontinuation of NPs administration). Values are represented as the mean ± SD. Statistical significance was assessed using one-way ANOVA (significance versus control: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001). ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, TBA total bile acid, ALB albumin, LDH lactic dehydrogenase