Fig. 2

Enhanced delivery of SPc-loaded ds-MIRNA into Arabidopsis roots. a Schematic diagram of root application and representative confocal images of Arabidopsis roots at 6 after the treatment of various formulations. Red arrow and box indicate the application and observation site, respectively. Red: ds-MIRNA; Green: GFP; Scale bar: 20 µm. b Representative confocal images of Arabidopsis roots at 12 h after the treatment of various formulations. Red: ds-MIRNA; Scale bar: 50 µm. c Fluorescent quantitative analysis of Arabidopsis roots in a. Different letters on columns indicate significant differences (Duncan’s multiple range test, P < 0.05)