Fig. 1

Effect of PL extract on the skin of volunteers. a, b Skin image detected by VISIA imaging system showing the brown spots, UV spots, wrinkles, speckles, and red zone of volunteers. c, d Statistical analyses of the improvement rate of brown spots, UV spots, wrinkles, speckles, and red zone. e Collagen density in the arm of volunteers detected by the Dermalab instrument. Data are expressed as mean ± SD (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01)