Fig. 2

FELNVs can resist UV-induced aging in HaCaT cells. a Flow diagram to show FELNV extraction using differential ultracentrifugation. b Representative TEM image of purified FELNVs from PL. Scale bar, 500 nm. c Average size of FELNVs was characterized by NanoSight analysis. d Effect of PL extract (PL), FELNVs, and supernatant on proliferation of UV-treated HaCaT cells by CCK8 assay. Model: UV-treated. e Effect of FELNVs on mRNA expression levels of MMP1 and COL1A2 in UV-treated HaCaT cells tested by qRT-PCR. f Effect of FELNVs on the expression of MMP1 and COL1A2 in UV-treated HaCaT cells tested by Western blot. g–j Relative ROS levels (g), MDA content (h), relative SOD enzyme activity (i), and relative SA-β-Gal levels (j) in UV-treated HaCaT cells with FELNVs treatment at different concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01)