Fig. 3From: Chronic exposure to the star polycation (SPc) nanocarrier in the larval stage adversely impairs life history traits in Drosophila melanogasterSPc treatment in larval stage results in dampened adult life history traits. A Effect of SPc on adult survival. B Effect of SPc on adult lifespan. C Effect of SPc on egg number. D Effect of SPc on adult climbing ability. E Effect of SPc on adult resistance to starvation and desiccation. The “**” and “***” indicate significant differences according to the independent t test (P < 0.01 and 0.001)Back to article page